A comprehensive evaluation of tourism climate suitability in Qinghai Province, China     

KRISTEN McDonald 《山地科学学报》2012,9(3):403-413

Qinghai Province is an important component of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China. Scientific evaluation of the suitability of Qinghai’s climate for tourism can contribute to overcoming obstacles posed by climate on sustainable tourism development in Qinghai Province, including disparities between the low and high seasons, high altitude health concerns, and weather events. A tourism climate suitability evaluation model of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is constructed (Tourism Climate Suitability Index, or TCSI), and tourism climate suitability is comprehensively evaluated for Qinghai Province from climate data from 1960 to 2009. Results show that: (I) There is clear distributional characteristics of spatial-temporal variability of TCSI values in Qinghai Province. (II) Tourism climate suitability in Qinghai Province has significant seasonal and regional differences. The year is divided into a very suitable period (July and August), suitable tourism periods (from April and October), less suitable periods (From Nov to Mar). June to August is the most suitable tourism period in Qinghai. Qinghai Province is divided into five levels of tourism climate suitability: most suitable regions, very suitable regions, suitable regions, less suitable regions, and unsuitable region. (III) The key factor which influences regional differences in tourism climatic suitability is atmospheric oxygen. And the key factors which chiefly influence seasonal differences of tourism climate suitability are temperature and humidity, the wind chill factor, and barrier weather.  相似文献   

Subsurface flow processes in sloping cropland of purple soil   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

LIN Henry 《山地科学学报》2012,9(1):1-9

Subsurface flow is a prominent runoff process in sloping lands of purple soil in the upper Yangtze River basin.However,it remains difficult to identify and quantify.In this study,in situ runoff experimental plots were used to measure soil moisture dynamics using an array of time domain reflectometry(TDR) together with overland flow and subsurface flow using isolated collecting troughs.Frequency of preferential flow during rainfall events and the controls of subsurface flow processes were investigated through combined analysis of soil properties,topography,rainfall intensity,initial wetness,and tillage.Results showed that subsurface flow was ubiquitous in purple soil profiles due to welldeveloped macropores,especially in surface soils while frequency of preferential flow occurrence was very low(only 2 cases in plot C) during all 22 rainfall events.Dry antecedent moisture conditions promoted the occurrence of preferential flow.However,consecutive real-time monitoring of soil moisture at different depths and various slope positions implied the possible occurrence of multiple subsurface lateral flows during intensive storms.Rainfall intensity,tillage operation,and soil properties were recognized as main controls of subsurface flow in the study area,which allows the optimization of management practices for alleviating adverse environmental effects of subsurface flow in the region.  相似文献   

美洲鲥仔稚鱼淡、海水培育试验     

彭景书  白成  陶后全  李俊 《广东海洋大学学报》2012,(1):97-100

在室内水泥池用淡水和海水培育美洲鲥(Alosa sapidissima)仔鱼,研究两种培育模式下美洲鲥的生长。结果表明,美洲鲥仔稚鱼可较好地适应海水培育环境,经33 d的培育,淡、海水培育模式下美洲鲥平均全长日增长分别为0.965 7 mm和0.922 0 mm,前者略高于后者;成活率分别为70.3%和74.7%,海水培育模式成活率略高于淡水培育模式;仔稚鱼培育期间的生长模型方程分别为Y=9.614 3+0.500 7 X+1.326 6 X2和Y=9.478 3+0.558 4 X+1.038 0 X2(Y为全长,X为日龄)。可见,两种培育模式生长差异不显著,只要生产条件许可,均可采用淡水或海水培育美洲鲥苗种。  相似文献   

环境管制影响下的佛山陶瓷产业区位变动机制   总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5  

沈静  魏成 《地理学报》2012,67(4):467-478

环境管制已成为影响污染产业区位变动的一项因素.目前国内外相关研究多采用统计数据的模型分析方法,但对环境管制发挥作用的方式和程度却存在很多争论.本研究以广东佛山市陶瓷产业为研究对象,运用半结构式访谈分析方法,采用区位变动中的推拉模型,探讨环境管制在(产业) 迁出地对佛山陶瓷产业区位变动的推动机理,以及在(产业) 迁入地对佛山陶瓷产业区位选择的拉动作用机制.结果发现,① 环境管制是影响污染产业区位变化的重要因素,并且在迁出地和迁入地之间形成一个相互联系的过程,迁出地环境管制将通过企业行为影响迁入地环境管制.② 探讨环境管制对企业区位变化的影响机制从政府和企业行为互动的角度具有很好的解释,而非仅考虑治污成本的影响.③ 在中国式地方分权的背景下环境管制成为地方政府调控本地产业发展的重要政策手段.但“污染避难所”假说是否成立仍然是一个难题.  相似文献   

全新世以来浙江地区史前文化对环境变化的响应   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

吴立  朱诚  郑朝贵  李枫  马春梅  孙伟  李溯源  水涛  王鑫浩  邵仕训  周曜  何婷婷 《地理学报》2012,67(7):903-916

对浙江地区史前文化的时空分布进行比较研究, 发现4000 cal. a BP前本区史前文化遗址在空间上不断扩大, 较为显著的扩大曾发生过两次, 一次发生在马家浜-河姆渡文化时期, 另一次发生在良渚文化时期;同时以河流谷地为通道, 史前文化从西向东不断向沿海扩展。4000 cal. a BP后, 以马桥文化为代表的各史前文化地域明显收缩, 东向沿海扩散的趋势终止, 同时伴随有南北两种不同模式的生产方式和经济形态转变。浙江地区史前文化分布与全新世海面波动有显著的关系, 尤其是杭州湾两岸的史前文化遗址分布与海面变化的关系最密切, 7000 cal. a BP 以来的低海面-海退成陆过程为史前居民提供了广阔的陆地生存空间。浙江地区史前文化变迁与环境变化在时相上具有一致性, 对比天目山千亩田泥炭和东海内陆架泥质沉积的环境演变记录表明, 4000 cal. a BP前浙江地区史前文化的东向地域扩展是在全新世气候适宜期背景下进行的, 是农业文明和海洋文明共同作用下的扩展和延伸;而4000cal. a BP后史前文化的地域收缩是在气候干冷和沿海海洋环境恶化的背景下发生的。以上初步证明浙江地区史前文化的发展、扩张和收缩与环境变化呈显著的正相关, 而气候环境变化正是引起上述这种变化以及生产方式和经济形态变化的深层次原因。因此, 气候环境成为浙江史前文化变迁的重要影响因子, 其对文化的分布、传播、扩展和演变等都产生了重要影响。  相似文献   

农户对农村居民点整合的意愿及其驱动机制——以重庆市沙坪坝区曾家镇白林村为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李晓庆  王成  王利平  蒋伟  熊川铭 《地理科学进展》2013,32(4):671-680

农村居民点整合作为乡村治理的重要内容,在时间上,既要与农村居民点建设相联系,又要真实反映未农户的居住意愿、需求与偏好;在空间上,既要满足不同农户的生产、生活需求,还要考虑农户所在村落的空间层次;尊重农户的整合意愿与发挥农村居民点整合效应间的耦合,已成为农村居民点整合和解决民生的重心。研究选取重庆市沙坪坝区曾家镇白林村为样点,采取“PRA(Participatory Rural Appraisal)+3S(GIS+RS+GPS)”的方法建立“农户—土地”空间特征与属性特征一体化数据库,按农户生计资产配置结构和未来生计发展趋势,剖析不同类型农户对农村居民点整合的意愿及其驱动机制。结果表明:农户农村居民点整合意愿各异,非农专业化发展型(72.82%)>非农多样化发展型(49.66%)>兼业发展型(44.44%)>农业专业化发展型(36.84%)>农业多样化发展型(37.33%)。农户农村居民点整合意愿受家庭经济、居住环境、社会交往及政策等多种因素的影响,而农户后顾生计来源及其收入变化、居住条件、邻里关系、社会地位感知是农户农村居民点整合意愿形成的重要驱动机制。  相似文献   

城市紧凑性测度指标研究及典型城市分析——以南京、苏州建设用地紧凑度为例     

燕月  陈爽  李广宇  余成 《地理科学进展》2013,32(5):733-742

量化表征城市紧凑性是当前地理学界和规划领域共同关注的热点问题,明确紧凑性指标反映的实际意义与适用范围,成为构建测度体系的关键.当前已有众多研究提出数量相当可观的量化指标,本文结合国内外城市紧凑性定量研究进展,根据表征紧凑内涵的不同将其归纳为形状、规模、密度、结构、功能和过程6 类,分析了不同类型指标的适用范围,并以结构类指标为例,采用南京和苏州的实际建设用地数据,根据指标自身稳定特性识别的实用性和局限性,达到评判和筛选指标的目的.结果显示：指标能有效指示建设用地的实际空间结构特征;4 个指标受尺度变化的影响不强烈,具有良好的应用性能,其中Gini 系数和Moran’s I 在应用中,前提条件局限小,适用广泛;而连续度和向心度较直观,但在进行城市比较研究时限制条件较多.该研究结果能够为城市紧凑性量化研究提供一定的借鉴,并指导城市规划与管理政策制定.  相似文献   

基于非线性扫描技术的可控震源地震勘探分辨率提高方法     

刘玉海  尹成  潘树林  高磊  沈姣 《东北石油大学学报》2013,(2):55-61,90,8

可控震源地震扫描信号易被地下介质吸收并形成高频部分衰减,降低对地下地质体的分辨能力.分析地震信号扫描方式,研究非线性扫描信号特性及其在补偿地层吸收衰减的地震相关子波信号影像中的作用,利用正演模拟和现场试验验证非线性扫描信号在提高可控震源地震勘探地震分辨率中的作用.结果表明:非线性扫描通过控制高频能量信号的时间分配,提高激发信号的高频成分,选择合适的非线性扫描信号类型和激发能量,能够提高地震勘探分辨率.该研究结果对实现高分辨率地震勘探具有一定的参考意义.  相似文献   

Editorial Foreword     

Guodong Cheng 《寒旱区科学》2008,(1):3-4

Cold and arid regions cover the majority of the earth surface. Cold regions are characterized by low temperatures, whereas arid regions are lack of water, thus some unique landscapes such as glacier, frozen ground, desert and oasis are formed and developed under the particular physical, chemical and biological processes in these regions. These raise a series of scientific questions to be solved urgently in relation to the ecosystem productivity, biodiversity, stability and living environments of these  相似文献   

中国冰川系统对气候变化响应的敏感性分析   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

王欣  谢自楚  李巧媛  王淑红  程磊 《地理学报(英文版)》2008,18(2):190-200

Data of 44 glacier systems in China used in this paper were obtained from Chinese Glacier Inventories and the meteorological data were got from Meteorological Atlas of Plateau of west China. Based on the statistical analysis and functional model simulation results of the 44 glacier systems in China, the glacier systems were divided into extremely-sensitive glacier system, semi-sensitive glacier system, extremely-steady glacier system and semi-steady glacier system in terms of glacier system＇s level of water-energy exchange, rising gradient of the equilibrium line altitudes and retreating rate of area to climate warming, their median size and vertical span distribution, and their runoff characteristics to climate warming. Furthermore the functional model of glacier system to climate warming was applied in this paper to predict the average variation trends of the 4 types of glacier systems, which indicate that different sensitivity types of glacier systems respond to the climate warming differently.  相似文献